Search
MAT Charts
Circumvention Charts
Countries
OK
https://globalvoices.org/
Congo - Brazzaville
Country
AS37451
Network
December 22, 2024, 04:23 PM UTC
Date & Time
Websites
Websites
Web Connectivity Test 
Runtime: 11.3s
Share on Facebook or Twitter
On December 22, 2024, 04:23 PM UTC, https://globalvoices.org/ was accessible when tested on AS37451 in Congo - Brazzaville.

Failures

HTTP Experiment
null
DNS Experiment
null
Control
null

DNS Queries

Resolver:
172.68.40.70
Query:
IN A globalvoices.org
Engine:
system
Name
Class
TTL
Type
DATA
@
IN
A
213.108.108.29

TCP Connections

Connection to 213.108.108.29:443 succeeded.

HTTP Requests

URL
GET https://globalvoices.org/
Response Headers
Accept-Ranges:
bytes
Age:
43
Content-Length:
149588
Content-Type:
text/html; charset=UTF-8
Date:
Sun, 22 Dec 2024 16:23:00 GMT
Server:
nginx
Strict-Transport-Security:
max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains
Vary:
Accept-Encoding
X-Cache:
HIT
X-Cache-Hits:
5
Response Body
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
	<meta charset="UTF-8">
	<title>Global Voices &middot; Local perspectives for a global audience</title>
	<meta name="description" content="Global Voices is an international, multilingual community of writers, translators, academics, and digital rights activists.	" />
	<meta name='robots' content='NOODP' />
	<!--Mobile viewport settings: Use width of screen instead of a larger viewport, start at normal zoom level, allow scaling by user -->
	<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, user-scalable=yes">
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/themes/gv-theme/gv-theme.css?updated=2024-10-18" type="text/css" media="screen" />
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/themes/gv-theme/gv-theme-print.css?updated=2024-10-18" type="text/css" media="print" />
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/themes/gv-news-child-theme/style.css?updated=2024-10-18" type="text/css" media="screen" />			
	<!-- gv_display_head_icons() -->
	<link rel='apple-touch-icon' sizes='57x57' href='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/tmpl/green-app-icons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png'>
	<link rel='apple-touch-icon' sizes='114x114' href='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/tmpl/green-app-icons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png'>
	<link rel='apple-touch-icon' sizes='72x72' href='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/tmpl/green-app-icons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png'>
	<link rel='apple-touch-icon' sizes='144x144' href='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/tmpl/green-app-icons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png'>
	<link rel='apple-touch-icon' sizes='60x60' href='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/tmpl/green-app-icons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png'>
	<link rel='apple-touch-icon' sizes='120x120' href='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/tmpl/green-app-icons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png'>
	<link rel='apple-touch-icon' sizes='76x76' href='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/tmpl/green-app-icons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png'>
	<link rel='apple-touch-icon' sizes='152x152' href='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/tmpl/green-app-icons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png'>
	<meta name='msapplication-TileColor' content='#00a300'>
	<meta name='msapplication-TileImage' content='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/tmpl/green-app-icons/mstile-144x144.png'>
	<meta name='msapplication-config' content='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/tmpl/green-app-icons/browserconfig.xml'>
	<link rel='shortcut icon' href='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/tmpl/favicon-forestgreen/favicon.ico' /> 
	<link rel='icon' type='image/png' href='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/tmpl/favicon-forestgreen/favicon-196x196.png' sizes='196x196' /> 
	<link rel='icon' type='image/png' href='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/tmpl/favicon-forestgreen/favicon-160x160.png' sizes='160x160' /> 
	<link rel='icon' type='image/png' href='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/tmpl/favicon-forestgreen/favicon-96x96.png' sizes='96x96' /> 
	<link rel='icon' type='image/png' href='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/tmpl/favicon-forestgreen/favicon-32x32.png' sizes='32x32' /> 
	<link rel='icon' type='image/png' href='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/tmpl/favicon-forestgreen/favicon-16x16.png' sizes='16x16' /> 
	<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" href="https://globalvoices.org/feed/" title="Global Voices RSS Feed" />
	
	<!--[if lt IE 9]>
		<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/themes/gv-theme/gv-theme-ie-lt-9.css?updated=2024-10-18" />
	<![endif]-->
	
	<script type="text/javascript" src="https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/themes/gv-theme/js/modernizr-gv-custom.js"></script>
	
	<meta name='robots' content='max-image-preview:large' />


<!--GV_Theme_Fonts->display_groups_css()-->
<style type='text/css'>
#FONT-GROUP-default,body,textarea,input,.wp-caption-text,.factbox,.entry .post-title,.gv-promo-card,.user-info,.user-social-links,.user-list-summary,.entry .translation-tabs .ui-tabs-nav,#toc_container,.entry .inline-rss,.full-article .entry table,.full-article .entry .taxonomy-list-container,.feed-list,.gsc-wrapper,.gform_wrapper,.gv-stats,#mc_signup,.font-group-default 
 {font-family:BlinkMacSystemFont, -apple-system, 'Roboto', 'Nimbus Sans', 'Segoe UI', system-ui, sans-serif;;}
#FONT-GROUP-headings,h1,h2,.featured-headline h3,.entry h3,.entry h4,.entry h5,.entry h6,.gs-title,.font-group-headings 
 {font-family:'Seravek', source-sans-pro,  BlinkMacSystemFont, -apple-system, 'Roboto', 'Nimbus Sans', system-ui, sans-serif;;}
#FONT-GROUP-article,.entry,.excerpt-text,.comment-entry,.user-description,.gsc-wrapper .gs-snippet,.font-group-article 
 {font-family:Georgia, Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;;}
#FONT-GROUP-monospace,code,.shortcode,.font-group-monospace 
 {font-family:ui-monospace, 'Cascadia Code', 'Source Code Pro', Menlo, Consolas, 'DejaVu Sans Mono', monospace;;}
</style>

<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.google.com' />
<script>
window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/globalvoices.org\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.6.2"}};
/*! This file is auto-generated */
!function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings);
</script>
<style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css'>

	img.wp-smiley, img.emoji {
		display: inline !important;
		border: none !important;
		box-shadow: none !important;
		height: 1em !important;
		width: 1em !important;
		margin: 0 0.07em !important;
		vertical-align: -0.1em !important;
		background: none !important;
		padding: 0 !important;
	}
</style>
<link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://globalvoices.org/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.6.2' media='all' />
<style id='powerpress-player-block-style-inline-css'>


</style>
<style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css'>
/*! This file is auto-generated */
.wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none}
</style>
<style id='global-styles-inline-css'>
:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}
:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}
:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}
:root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;}
</style>
<link rel='stylesheet' id='contact-form-7-css' href='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/css/styles.css?ver=5.3.2' media='all' />
<script src="https://globalvoices.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script>
<script src="https://globalvoices.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script>
<link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://globalvoices.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://globalvoices.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd" />
<meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.6.2" />
<script defer data-domain='globalvoices.org' src='https://plausible.io/js/script.js'></script>
<!--gv_display_facebook_meta()-->
<meta property="og:site_name" content="Global Voices" />
<meta property="og:title" content="Global Voices &middot; Local perspectives for a global audience" />
<meta property="og:type" content="article" />
<meta property="og:image" content="https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/tmpl/gv-logo-2014-facebook-og-1200x631.png" />
<meta property="og:url" content="https://globalvoices.org" />
<meta property="og:description" content="Global Voices is an international, multilingual community of writers, translators, academics, and digital rights activists.	" />
<meta property='article:publisher' content='https://facebook.com/globalvoicesonline/' />
<!--gv_display_twitter_meta()-->
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" />
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@globalvoices" />
<meta name="twitter:title" content="Global Voices &middot; Local perspectives for a global audience">
<meta name="twitter:description" content="Global Voices is an international, multilingual community of writers, translators, academics, and digital rights activists.	" />
		<style type="text/css">
			/*temporary: Enable post archive heading on homepage due to all the widgets*/
.home .post-archive h2 {display:block;}


/*Fix layout of COVID category heading which has no header text to go with image logo*/
.category-covid-19 .archive-title-logo+.archive-menus {
padding-top: 2rem;
}
@media only screen and (max-width: 1032px) {
.category-covid-19 .archive-title-logo+.archive-menus {
padding-top: 1rem;
}
}

/*Hide advox logo on post embedded in featured posts sidebar*/
.featured-posts-sidebar-container img.custom-context-badge {
    display: none;
}

/*Mailchimp: Hide announcements radio button and label*/
#mc_interest_01f23f04a2_f5fdaaf199, 
#mc_signup_form .mc_interest label[for=mc_interest_01f23f04a2_f5fdaaf199] {
display:none;
}

/*Make [gvuserlist type='avatar'] inside a WP Popup be 25% wide*/
.cbox_wpp_html_theme .user-list-avatars .author-block-container {
    float: left;
    width: 25%;
}		</style>
	<meta name='p:domain_verify' content='f766ffbf7ac003e4e67698d4e991216e'/>
<meta name='fediverse:creator' content='@globalvoices@mstdn.social' />
            <script type="text/javascript"><!--
                                function powerpress_pinw(pinw_url){window.open(pinw_url, 'PowerPressPlayer','toolbar=0,status=0,resizable=1,width=460,height=320');	return false;}
                //-->
            </script>
            <!-- There is no amphtml version available for this URL. -->
<!-- BEGIN Analytics Insights v6.3.7 - https://wordpress.org/plugins/analytics-insights/ -->
<script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-3VRB0P4FZ3"></script>
<script>
  window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
  function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
  gtag('js', new Date());

  // GV_GA_Manager->action_aiwp_gtag_output_before()
  gtag('config', 'G-CC648ZS2PT', {"gv_screen_type":"home","gv_lingua_site":"globalvoices_en"});
 
  // Main AIWP output 
  gtag('config', 'G-3VRB0P4FZ3', {
	'gv_screen_type': 'home', 
	'gv_lingua_site': 'globalvoices_en'
  });

  // GV_GA_Manager->action_aiwp_gtag_output_after()

	// GV_GA_Manager->get_click_events_js() 

	jQuery(document).ready(function($){
		$('body').on('click', '#header_site_menu .gv-site-menu .search-submit', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"search_form_header_menu"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.footer .search-submit', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"search_form_footer"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.archive-header .search-submit', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"search_form_results_header"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.header-banner .widget-container:first-child a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"header_banner_widget_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.header-banner .hidebutton a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_toggle', {"gv_event":"header_banner_hidebutton"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.site-translations .site-translations-title', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_toggle', {"gv_event":"header_translations_toggle"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.site-translations .langname', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"header_translations_site_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.about-site-translation-content .more-link', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"header_translations_more_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.site-header-image', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"header_site_logo"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.a11y-dialog-open-header_site_menu', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_toggle', {"gv_event":"header_site_menu_open"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.a11y-dialog-close-header_site_menu', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_toggle', {"gv_event":"header_site_menu_close"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '#header_site_menu .menu-main_navigation a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"header_site_menu_page_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '#header_site_menu .menu-gv_terms_menu a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"header_site_menu_taxonomy_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '#footer-menu a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"footer_about_menu_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '#header_site_menu .site-subscribe-facebook', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_subscribe', {"method":"facebook","gv_event":"subscribe_icon_header"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '#header_site_menu .site-subscribe-twitter', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_subscribe', {"method":"twitter","gv_event":"subscribe_icon_header"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '#header_site_menu .site-subscribe-mastodon', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_subscribe', {"method":"mastodon","gv_event":"subscribe_icon_header"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '#header_site_menu .site-subscribe-instagram', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_subscribe', {"method":"instagram","gv_event":"subscribe_icon_header"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '#header_site_menu .site-subscribe-telegram', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_subscribe', {"method":"telegram","gv_event":"subscribe_icon_header"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '#header_site_menu .site-subscribe-tumblr', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_subscribe', {"method":"tumblr","gv_event":"subscribe_icon_header"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '#header_site_menu .site-subscribe-rss', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_subscribe', {"method":"feed","gv_event":"subscribe_icon_header"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.footer .site-subscribe-facebook', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_subscribe', {"method":"facebook","gv_event":"subscribe_icon_footer"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.footer .site-subscribe-twitter', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_subscribe', {"method":"twitter","gv_event":"subscribe_icon_footer"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.footer .site-subscribe-mastodon', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_subscribe', {"method":"mastodon","gv_event":"subscribe_icon_footer"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.footer .site-subscribe-instagram', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_subscribe', {"method":"instagram","gv_event":"subscribe_icon_footer"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.footer .site-subscribe-telegram', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_subscribe', {"method":"telegram","gv_event":"subscribe_icon_footer"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.footer .site-subscribe-tumblr', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_subscribe', {"method":"tumblr","gv_event":"subscribe_icon_footer"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.footer .site-subscribe-rss', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_subscribe', {"method":"feed","gv_event":"subscribe_icon_footer"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '#header_site_menu #mc_signup_submit', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_subscribe', {"method":"mailchimp","gv_event":"mailchimp_header_form_submit"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.footer #mc_signup_submit', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_subscribe', {"method":"mailchimp","gv_event":"mailchimp_footer_form_submit"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.header-banner #mc_signup_submit', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_subscribe', {"method":"mailchimp","gv_event":"mailchimp_header_banner_form_submit"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.entry #mc_signup_submit', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_subscribe', {"method":"mailchimp","gv_event":"mailchimp_post_form_submit"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.header-nav-bar a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"header_nav_bar_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.meta-term-subterms a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"meta_term_subterms_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '#cycled-features a .cycled-feature', function() {
gtag('event', 'select_content', {"content_type":"post","gv_event":"featured_posts_slider"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.featured-headlines a', function() {
gtag('event', 'select_content', {"content_type":"post","gv_event":"featured_posts_slider"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', ' #cycled-features .flex-direction-nav a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_toggle', {"gv_event":"featured_posts_slider_nextprev"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.features-grid-features a', function() {
gtag('event', 'select_content', {"content_type":"post","gv_event":"featured_posts_grid_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.post-archive .gv-promo-card a', function() {
gtag('event', 'select_content', {"content_type":"post","gv_event":"post_archive_card_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.navigation .previous', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"pagination_older_posts"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.navigation .next', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"pagination_newer_posts"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.homepage_intro a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"content_type":"post","gv_event":"homepage_intro_widget_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.call-to-action a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"content_type":"post","gv_event":"call_to_action_widget_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.homepage_after_features a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"content_type":"post","gv_event":"homepage_after_features_widget_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.homepage_grid_top a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"content_type":"post","gv_event":"homepage_grid_top_widget_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.homepage_before_archive a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"content_type":"post","gv_event":"homepage_before_archive_widget_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.homepage_grid_bottom a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"content_type":"post","gv_event":"homepage_grid_bottom_widget_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.homepage_after_archive a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"content_type":"post","gv_event":"homepage_after_archive_widget_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.post .entry .taxonomy-list-item a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"post_content_term_menu_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '#term_siblings .taxonomy-list-item a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"taxonomy_archive_term_menu_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '#term_months .archive-month-link a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"taxonomy_archive_month_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '#author_months .archive-month-link a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"author_archive_month_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.post-header .contributor a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"post_header_contributor_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.postfooter .contributor a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"post_footer_contributor_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.post-translations a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"post_translations_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.postfooter .post-term a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"postfooter_term_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.post-header .post-share-url', function() {
gtag('event', 'share', {"method":"url","content_type":"post","gv_event":"share_icon_post_header"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.post-header .post-share-twitter', function() {
gtag('event', 'share', {"method":"twitter","content_type":"post","gv_event":"share_icon_post_header"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.post-header .post-share-facebook', function() {
gtag('event', 'share', {"method":"facebook","content_type":"post","gv_event":"share_icon_post_header"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.post-header .post-share-whatsapp', function() {
gtag('event', 'share', {"method":"whatsapp","content_type":"post","gv_event":"share_icon_post_header"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.post-header .post-share-reddit', function() {
gtag('event', 'share', {"method":"reddit","content_type":"post","gv_event":"share_icon_post_header"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.post-header .post-share-print', function() {
gtag('event', 'share', {"method":"print","content_type":"post","gv_event":"share_icon_post_header"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.post-header .post-share-email', function() {
gtag('event', 'share', {"method":"email","content_type":"post","gv_event":"share_icon_post_header"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.postfooter .post-share-url', function() {
gtag('event', 'share', {"method":"url","content_type":"post","gv_event":"share_icon_post_footer"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.postfooter .post-share-twitter', function() {
gtag('event', 'share', {"method":"twitter","content_type":"post","gv_event":"share_icon_post_footer"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.postfooter .post-share-facebook', function() {
gtag('event', 'share', {"method":"facebook","content_type":"post","gv_event":"share_icon_post_footer"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.postfooter .post-share-whatsapp', function() {
gtag('event', 'share', {"method":"whatsapp","content_type":"post","gv_event":"share_icon_post_footer"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.postfooter .post-share-reddit', function() {
gtag('event', 'share', {"method":"reddit","content_type":"post","gv_event":"share_icon_post_footer"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.postfooter .post-share-print', function() {
gtag('event', 'share', {"method":"print","content_type":"post","gv_event":"share_icon_post_footer"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.postfooter .post-share-email', function() {
gtag('event', 'share', {"method":"email","content_type":"post","gv_event":"share_icon_post_footer"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '#gv_esf_ajaxsubmit', function() {
gtag('event', 'share', {"method":"email_send","content_type":"post","gv_event":"email_share_form_submit"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.single-post-footer-sidebar .widget a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"post_footer_widget_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.postfooter-headlines a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"post_footer_headlines_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.main-sidebar .pagenav a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"page_sidebar_page_menu_link"});
		});
		$('body').on('click', '.page-footer-navigation a', function() {
gtag('event', 'gv_navigation', {"gv_event":"page_footer_page_menu_link"});
		});
	});
 
  // Final AIWP output 

  if (window.performance) {
    var timeSincePageLoad = Math.round(performance.now());
    gtag('event', 'timing_complete', {
      'name': 'load',
      'value': timeSincePageLoad,
      'event_category': 'JS Dependencies'
    });
  }
</script>
<!-- END Analytics Insights -->
</head>
<body class="home blog post-archive-default">
<a href='#page-content' class='skip-link'>Skip to main content</a>
<div class='page-container' id='page-container'><header class='header-overall-wrapper'><div id="header-banner-container" class="header-banner-container widget-sidebar-container"><div class="widget-sidebar full-width-widget-sidebar full-width-widget-sidebar header-banner-widget-sidebar header-banner sidebar-1" id="header-banner"><div class="widget-container"><div id="text-13" class="widget widget_text">			<div class="textwidget"><div id='gv-mailchimp-form-container-shortcode' class='gv-mailchimp-form-container'><div class="mc_container"><h2>Receive great stories from around the world directly in your inbox.</h2>
<div id="mc_signup">
	<form method="post" action="#mc_signup" id="mc_signup_form">
		<input type="hidden" id="mc_submit_type" name="mc_submit_type" value="html" />
		<input type="hidden" name="mcsf_action" value="mc_submit_signup_form" />
		<input type="hidden" id="_mc_submit_signup_form_nonce" name="_mc_submit_signup_form_nonce" value="2f1f703abe" />
			<div id="mc_subheader">
			<p><i>Stay up to date about Global Voices and our mission. See our <a href="https://globalvoices.org/privacy/">Privacy Policy</a> for details. </i><i>Newsletter powered by Mailchimp (<a href="https://mailchimp.com/legal/privacy/">Privacy Policy</a> and <a href="https://mailchimp.com/legal/terms/">Terms</a>).</i></p><br />		</div><!-- /mc_subheader -->
		
	<div class="mc_form_inside">

		<div class="updated" id="mc_message">
					</div><!-- /mc_message -->

		
<div class="mc_merge_var">
		<label for="mc_mv_EMAIL" class="mc_var_label mc_header mc_header_email">Email Address</label>
	<input type="text" size="18" placeholder="" name="mc_mv_EMAIL" id="mc_mv_EMAIL" class="mc_input"/>
</div><!-- /mc_merge_var --><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div>							<div class="mc_interests_header">
								Email Frequency							</div><!-- /mc_interests_header -->
							<div class="mc_interest">
							
						
				<input type="radio" name="group[01f23f04a2]" id="mc_interest_01f23f04a2_373e38d702" class="mc_interest" value="373e38d702"/>
				<label for="mc_interest_01f23f04a2_373e38d702" class="mc_interest_label">Daily</label>
				<br/>
				<input type="radio" name="group[01f23f04a2]" id="mc_interest_01f23f04a2_ed62cc6837" class="mc_interest" value="ed62cc6837"/>
				<label for="mc_interest_01f23f04a2_ed62cc6837" class="mc_interest_label">Weekly</label>
				<br/>
				<input type="radio" name="group[01f23f04a2]" id="mc_interest_01f23f04a2_f5fdaaf199" class="mc_interest" value="f5fdaaf199"/>
				<label for="mc_interest_01f23f04a2_f5fdaaf199" class="mc_interest_label">Announcements</label>
				<br/>					</div><!-- /mc_interest -->

						
		<div class="mc_signup_submit">
			<input type="submit" name="mc_signup_submit" id="mc_signup_submit" value="Subscribe" class="button" />
		</div><!-- /mc_signup_submit -->

					<div id="mc_unsub_link" align="center">
				<a href="http://us2.list-manage.com/unsubscribe/?u=9307106bf78cc186e924ad999&#038;id=633e82444a" target="_blank" rel="noopener">unsubscribe from list</a>
			</div><!-- /mc_unsub_link -->
			
	</div><!-- /mc_form_inside -->
	</form><!-- /mc_signup_form -->
</div><!-- /mc_signup_container -->
	</div></div></div>
		</div></div><!--.widget-container--><div class='widget-container'><div class='widget'><style type='text/css'>#header-banner-container{display:none;}</style><span class='hidebutton'><a href='#' data-close='header-banner-container' title='Close'>Close</a></span></div></div> </div><!--.header-banner-widget-sidebar--></div><!--.header-banner-container-->	<div class="language-dropdown-container">
			<div class="disambiguation-container">
			<div id="disambiguation" class="disambiguation">
				<div class="site-translations">
					<div class="site-translations-title">
					<span class=""><a href='https://globalvoices.org/lingua/' title='Toggle Menu' ><span class='close-button'>Close</span><svg aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-caret-down-fill gv-icon gv-icon-caret-down" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M7.247 11.14 2.451 5.658C1.885 5.013 2.345 4 3.204 4h9.592a1 1 0 0 1 .753 1.659l-4.796 5.48a1 1 0 0 1-1.506 0z"/></svg></a> 
</span>
					</div>
					<ul class='other-languages other-languages-text'>
<li class='other-language-site current-site'><a lang='en' href='https://globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices (English)'><span class='langname'>English</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='it' href='https://it.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices in Italiano (Italian)'><span class='langname'>Italiano</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='es' href='https://es.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices en Español (Spanish)'><span class='langname'>Español</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='mg' href='https://mg.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices teny Malagasy (Malagasy)'><span class='langname'>Malagasy</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='sr' href='https://sr.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices na srpskom (Serbian)'><span class='langname'>srpski</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='fa' href='https://fa.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices به فارسی (Farsi)'><span class='langname'>فارسی</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='ru' href='https://ru.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices по-русски (Russian)'><span class='langname'>русский</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='eo' href='https://eo.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices en Esperanto (Esperanto)'><span class='langname'>Esperanto</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='pt' href='https://pt.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices em Português (Portuguese)'><span class='langname'>Português</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='uk' href='https://uk.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices по-українськи (Ukrainian)'><span class='langname'>українська</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='fr' href='https://fr.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices en Français (French)'><span class='langname'>Français</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='ro' href='https://ro.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices în Română (Romanian)'><span class='langname'>Română</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='el' href='https://el.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices στα Ελληνικά (Greek)'><span class='langname'>Ελληνικά</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='ar' href='https://ar.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices الأصوات العالمية (Arabic)'><span class='langname'>عربي</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='nl' href='https://nl.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices in het Nederlands (Dutch)'><span class='langname'>Nederlands</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='jp' href='https://jp.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices 日本語 (Japanese)'><span class='langname'>日本語</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='bn' href='https://bn.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices বাংলা ভার্সন (Bangla)'><span class='langname'>বাংলা</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='up' href='https://yo.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices ní-Yorùbá (Yorùbá)'><span class='langname'>Yorùbá</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='mk' href='https://mk.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices на македонски (Macedonian)'><span class='langname'>македонски</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='aym' href='https://aym.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices Aymarata (Aymara)'><span class='langname'>Aymara</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='id' href='https://id.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices dalam bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian)'><span class='langname'>bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='pa' href='https://pa.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਵਿੱਚ (Punjabi)'><span class='langname'>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='zht' href='https://zht.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices 繁體中文 (Chinese (Traditional)'><span class='langname'>繁體中文</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='ne' href='https://ne.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices नेपालीमा (Nepali)'><span class='langname'>नेपाली</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='zhs' href='https://zhs.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices 简体中文 (Chinese (Simplified))'><span class='langname'>简体中文</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='ko' href='https://ko.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices 한국어 (Korean)'><span class='langname'>한국어</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='hi' href='https://hi.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices हिन्दी में (Hindi)'><span class='langname'>हिन्दी</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='de' href='https://de.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices auf Deutsch (German)'><span class='langname'>Deutsch</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='fil' href='https://fil.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices sa Filipino (Filipino)'><span class='langname'>Filipino</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='sq' href='https://sq.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices në Shqip (Albanian)'><span class='langname'>Shqip</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='sat' href='https://sat.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤᱛᱮ (Santali)'><span class='langname'>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='hu' href='https://hu.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices Magyarul (Hungarian)'><span class='langname'>Magyar</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='pl' href='https://pl.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices po polsku (Polish)'><span class='langname'>polski</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='ur' href='https://ur.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices اردو میں (Urdu)'><span class='langname'>اردو</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='da' href='https://da.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices på dansk (Danish)'><span class='langname'>Dansk</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='or' href='https://or.globalvoices.org/' title='ଓଡ଼ିଆରେ Global Voices (Odia)'><span class='langname'>ଓଡ଼ିଆ </span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='ig' href='https://ig.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices n&#039;asusu Igbo (Igbo)'><span class='langname'>Igbo</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='sw' href='https://sw.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices in Swahili (Swahili)'><span class='langname'>Swahili</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='cs' href='https://cs.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices v češtině (Czech)'><span class='langname'>čeština </span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='kk' href='https://kk.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices Қазақша қазақ (Kazakh)'><span class='langname'>Қазақша</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='tr' href='https://tr.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices Türkçe (Turkish)'><span class='langname'>Türkçe</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='bg' href='https://bg.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices на български (Bulgarian)'><span class='langname'>Български</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='sv' href='https://sv.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices på svenska (Swedish)'><span class='langname'>Svenska</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='uz' href='https://uz.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices ўзбек тилида (Uzbek)'><span class='langname'>Ўзбекча</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='ca' href='https://ca.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices en Català (Catalan)'><span class='langname'>Català</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='am' href='https://am.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices በአማርኛ (Amharic)'><span class='langname'>አማርኛ</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='ku' href='https://ku.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices بەكوردی (Kurdish)'><span class='langname'>كوردی</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='my' href='https://my.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices မြန်မာ (Myanmar (Burmese))'><span class='langname'>မြန်မာ</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='he' href='https://he.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices בעברית (Hebrew)'><span class='langname'>עברית</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='tet' href='https://tet.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices Ho-Tetun (Tetum)'><span class='langname'>Tetun</span></a></li>
<li class='other-language-site'><a lang='km' href='https://km.globalvoices.org/' title='Global Voices ជាភាសាខ្មែរ (Khmer)'><span class='langname'>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li>
</ul>
				</div><!--.translations-->
			</div><!--.disambiguation-->
			</div><!--.disambiguation-container-->
			<div class="about-site-translation-content-container">
			<div id="about-site-translation-content" class="about-site-translation-content">
				<div class="about-site-translation-content-inner">
					<p>See all those languages up there? We translate Global Voices stories to make the world's citizen media available to everyone.</p>
					<span class="more-link"><a href='https://globalvoices.org/lingua/' title='Lingua Translation' >Learn more about <span class='translation-project-name'>Lingua Translation</span> &nbsp;&raquo;</a> 
</span>
				</div><!--.about-site-translation-content-inner-->
			</div><!--.about-site-translation-content-->
			</div><!--.about-site-translation-content-container-->
		</div><!--.dropdown-->
	<div class='header-container'><div id='header' class='header'><div class='header-content'><h1 id='site-title' class='site-title site-title-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org'><img class='site-header-image' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/themes/gv-news-child-theme/gv-news-theme-logo-600.png' alt='Global Voices' /></a></h1><button class='a11y-dialog-button a11y-dialog-open a11y-dialog-open-header_site_menu' data-a11y-dialog-show='header_site_menu'><svg aria-label="Menu" class="gv-icon gv-icon-menu" width="800px" height="800px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<path d="M4 6H20M4 12H20M4 18H20" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"/>
</svg></button></div><!--.header-content--></div><!--.header--></div><!--.header-container-->	<div class="header-nav-bar-container">
		<div class="header-nav-bar">
			<div class="header-nav-bar-inner">
				<div class="truncated-menu">
					<div class='menu menu-gv_terms_menu'><ul id='gv_terms_menu-default'><li class='menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category'><span class='term-link term-link-category  meta-term'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/sub-saharan-africa/' rel='tag'>Africa</a></span></li><li class='menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category'><span class='term-link term-link-category  meta-term'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/latin-america,north-america,caribbean/' rel='tag'>Americas</a></span></li><li class='menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category'><span class='term-link term-link-category  meta-term'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/east-asia,south-asia,middle-east-north-africa,central-asia-caucasus,oceania/' rel='tag'>Asia</a></span></li><li class='menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category'><span class='term-link term-link-category  meta-term'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/western-europe,eastern-central-europe/' rel='tag'>Europe</a></span></li><li class='menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/special/the-bridge/' rel='tag'>The Bridge</a></span></li><li class='menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/topics/elections/' rel='tag'>Elections</a></span></li><li class='menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category'><span class='term-link term-link-category  meta-term'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/topics/arts-culture,history,literature,music,photography,film,humor/' rel='tag'>Culture</a></span></li><li class='menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/topics/human-rights/' rel='tag'>Human Rights</a></span></li><li class='menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/topics/digital-activism/' rel='tag'>Digital Activism</a></span></li><li class='menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/all-topics/'><strong>All topics&nbsp;&raquo;</strong></a></li></ul></div>				</div><!--.truncated-menu-->
			</div><!--.header-nav-bar-inner-->
		</div><!--.header-nav-bar-->
	</div><!--.header-nav-bar-container-->
	</header><div class='page-content-container'>
	<div id='page-content' class='page-content'><div class="widget-sidebar-container full-width-widget-sidebar-container  features-grid-features-container "><div class="widget-sidebar full-width-widget-sidebar sidebar-1 features-grid-features"><div class='widget-container'><div class='widget'><div class='gv-card-loop gv-card-loop-features-grid'><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-large gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/20/global-voices-seeks-a-managing-director/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/GVlogo-800x450.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/20/global-voices-seeks-a-managing-director/' rel='bookmark'>Global Voices seeks a Managing Director</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/special/announcements/' rel='tag'>Announcements</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='20 _12 2024'>2 days ago</span></div></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/20/kenyan-money-lending-apps-invade-borrowers-privacy-to-recover-debts/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ali-mkumbwa-K-f_gTvdwTM-unsplash-400x300.jpg' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/20/kenyan-money-lending-apps-invade-borrowers-privacy-to-recover-debts/' rel='bookmark'>Kenyan money lending apps invade borrowers&#8217; privacy to recover debts</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/sub-saharan-africa/' rel='tag'>Sub-Saharan Africa</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='20 _12 2024'>2 days ago</span></div></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/19/turkeys-main-opposition-political-party-protests-the-detention-of-its-elected-mayor/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Untitled-design-1-1-400x300.jpg' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/19/turkeys-main-opposition-political-party-protests-the-detention-of-its-elected-mayor/' rel='bookmark'>Turkey’s main opposition political party protests the detention of its elected mayor</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/middle-east-north-africa/' rel='tag'>West Asia &amp; North Africa</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='19 _12 2024'>3 days ago</span></div></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/19/there-is-urgent-need-to-reopen-the-benin-niger-border/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Capture-decran-2024-12-16-202429-400x300.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/19/there-is-urgent-need-to-reopen-the-benin-niger-border/' rel='bookmark'>There is urgent need to reopen the Benin–Niger border</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/sub-saharan-africa/' rel='tag'>Sub-Saharan Africa</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='19 _12 2024'>3 days ago</span></div></div></article></div></div></div></div><!--widget-container--></div><!--.widget-sidebar--></div><!--.widget-sidebar-container--><div class="widget-sidebar-container full-width-widget-sidebar-container homepage_after_features-container"><div class="homepage_after_features full-width-widget-sidebar widget-sidebar sidebar-1"><div class="widget-container"><div id="text-30" class="widget widget_text">			<div class="textwidget"><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-large gv-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://summit2024.globalvoices.org/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='Global Voices Summit 2024, Kathmandu Nepal, December 6-7' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/summit2024-featured-image.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'></p>
<h3>Register to join us in Kathmandu, Nepal on December 6-7!</h3>
<p><big><a href="https://summit2024.globalvoices.org/"><strong>The Global Voices Summit</strong></a> is an international gathering on digital media, knowledge, and activism from a Global Majority perspective.</big></p>
<p><big>Join us at the <strong>Hotel Yak &amp; Yeti</strong> in <a href="https://summit2024.globalvoices.org/about-kathmandu/"><strong>Kathmandu, Nepal</strong></a> on <strong>December 6-7</strong>, for two days of connection, collaboration and conversation with journalists, activists, technologists, and others from around the world.</big></p>
<p><big><a href="https://summit2024.globalvoices.org/">Learn more »</a></big></div></article></div>
</div>
		</div></div><!--.widget-container--></div></div><div class="widget_text widget-sidebar-container full-width-widget-sidebar-container homepage_after_features-container"><div class="widget_text homepage_after_features full-width-widget-sidebar widget-sidebar sidebar-1"><div class="widget_text widget-container"><div id="custom_html-20" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><div class='gv-card-loop gv-card-loop-grid-3'><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-term-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/special/a-region-on-the-brink-the-global-implications-of-the-war-on-gaza/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Gaza_war_damage_2023-400x300.jpg' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><span class='term-link term-link-gv_special '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/special/a-region-on-the-brink-the-global-implications-of-the-war-on-gaza/' rel='tag'>A region on the brink: The global implications of the war on Gaza</a></span></h3><p class='excerpt-text'>Despite global calls for a ceasefire, Israel’s war on Gaza persists, deepening the severe humanitarian crisis and risking the eruption of a regional war.










</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-term-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/special/the-melting-pot-of-nepal/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/454897883_10162256938887625_8891262618535550465_n-400x300.jpg' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><span class='term-link term-link-gv_special '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/special/the-melting-pot-of-nepal/' rel='tag'>The melting pot of Nepal</a></span></h3><p class='excerpt-text'>This special coverage explores the complex dynamics of Nepal, delving into its environmental success stories; celebrating its traditions, food, and languages; while acknowledging the existing social and political challenges. </p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-term-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/special/forever-is-gone-forever-syria-after-the-dictatorship/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/image1-400x300.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><span class='term-link term-link-gv_special '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/special/forever-is-gone-forever-syria-after-the-dictatorship/' rel='tag'>Forever is gone, forever: Syria after the dictatorship</a></span></h3><p class='excerpt-text'>The phrase “forever is gone, forever” is not just a declaration of the dictatorship’s end; it is a promise to future generations that Syria’s darkest days are behind it.</p></div></article></div></div>
<a class="more-link" href="/specialcoverage">More Special Coverage »</a></div></div></div><!--.widget-container--></div></div><div class="widget-sidebar-container full-width-widget-sidebar-container homepage_after_features-container"><div class="homepage_after_features full-width-widget-sidebar widget-sidebar sidebar-1"><div class="widget-container"><div id="gv_headlines-9" class="widget widget_gv_headlines"><div class='headlines-container '>
<div class='headlines-meta'><div class='small-banner'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/special/the-bridge/'><img src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/the-bridge-600.png' alt='More'/></a></div><span class='headlines-caption'>Essays, commentary and creative non-fiction </span></div><div class='headlines headlines-category '>
<div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/20/kenyan-money-lending-apps-invade-borrowers-privacy-to-recover-debts/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ali-mkumbwa-K-f_gTvdwTM-unsplash-400x300.jpg' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/20/kenyan-money-lending-apps-invade-borrowers-privacy-to-recover-debts/' rel='bookmark'>Kenyan money lending apps invade borrowers&#8217; privacy to recover debts</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/sub-saharan-africa/' rel='tag'>Sub-Saharan Africa</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline--></div></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/20/women-in-public-positions-in-north-macedonia-are-easy-targets-of-hate-speech/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Foto-Ana-21-400x300.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/20/women-in-public-positions-in-north-macedonia-are-easy-targets-of-hate-speech/' rel='bookmark'>Women in public positions in North Macedonia are easy targets of hate speech</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/eastern-central-europe/' rel='tag'>Eastern &amp; Central Europe</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline--></div></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/19/finally-a-future-of-hope-after-54-years-of-a-tyrannical-dynasty-in-syria/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/2-400x300.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/19/finally-a-future-of-hope-after-54-years-of-a-tyrannical-dynasty-in-syria/' rel='bookmark'>Finally, a future of hope after 54 years of a tyrannical dynasty in Syria</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/middle-east-north-africa/' rel='tag'>West Asia &amp; North Africa</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline--></div></div></article></div></div> <!--.headlines-->
</div><!--.headlines-container--></div></div><!--.widget-container--></div></div><div class="widget_text widget-sidebar-container full-width-widget-sidebar-container homepage_after_features-container"><div class="widget_text homepage_after_features full-width-widget-sidebar widget-sidebar sidebar-1"><div class="widget_text widget-container"><div id="custom_html-21" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-large gv-promo-card gv-term-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/special/climate-justice-fellowship/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1-800x450.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><span class='term-link term-link-gv_special '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/special/climate-justice-fellowship/' rel='tag'>Global Climate Justice Fellowship</a></span></h3><p class='excerpt-text'>The Global Climate Justice Fellowship partners independent Sinophone journalists and journalists from Central Asia, Francophone Africa, and Latin America to assess the role of China in mitigating the global climate crisis.</p></div></article></div></div></div></div><!--.widget-container--></div></div><div class="widget-sidebar-container full-width-widget-sidebar-container homepage_before_archive-container"><div class="homepage_before_archive full-width-widget-sidebar widget-sidebar sidebar-1"><div class="widget-container"><div id="text-29" class="widget widget_text">			<div class="textwidget"><div class='gv-card-loop gv-card-loop-grid-3'><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card'><div class='small-banner'><a href='https://advox.globalvoices.org'><img src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/special/advox-redblack-transparent-600.png' alt='x'/></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://advox.globalvoices.org'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='Advox image' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/advox-featured-image-mar20-2023-800x450.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'>Protecting digital rights and freedom of expression online through research, reporting, and advocacy.</p>
<p><a href="https://advox.globalvoices.org">Visit Advox »</a></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card'><div class='small-banner'><a href='https://rising.globalvoices.org'><img src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/special/rv-black-transparent-600.png' alt='x'/></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://rising.globalvoices.org'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='Advox image' src='https://rising.globalvoices.org/files/2021/02/grayIMG_4218-800x450.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'>Supporting marginalized communities to harness the internet and meet their self-determined needs.</p>
<p><a href="https://rising.globalvoices.org">Visit Rising Voices »</a></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card'><div class='small-banner'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/special/observatory'><img src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/cmo-logo-banner-cropped-539.png' alt='x'/></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/special/observatory'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='cmo alt text' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/CMO-special-category-image-observatory-800x450.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'>Investigating how people understand information and create knowledge in complex media ecosystems.</p>
<p><a href="https://globalvoices.org/special/observatory">Learn about the Observatory »</a></div></article></div></div>
</div>
		</div></div><!--.widget-container--></div></div><div class='main-wrapper'><div class='main'><div class='post-archive-container main-column-container'><div class='post-archive main-column'><h2>Latest stories</h2><div class='gv-card-loop gv-card-loop-default'><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/22/in-jamaicas-rio-cobre-oil-spill-case-activists-and-civil-society-say-there-are-outstanding-issues/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/GV-1-400x300.jpg' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/22/in-jamaicas-rio-cobre-oil-spill-case-activists-and-civil-society-say-there-are-outstanding-issues/' rel='bookmark'>In Jamaica&#39;s Rio Cobre oil spill case, activists and civil society say there are outstanding issues</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/caribbean/' rel='tag'>Caribbean</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='22 _12 2024'>2 hours ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>'The public deserves full transparency and accountability [and the] assurance that environmental laws will be enforced openly, vigorously and with due regard for environmental standards, principles and best practices.'</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/22/in-conversation-with-kenyan-poet-and-storyteller-njeri-wangari/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Njeri-at-Mozfest-Mass-surveillance-talk-400x300.jpeg' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/22/in-conversation-with-kenyan-poet-and-storyteller-njeri-wangari/' rel='bookmark'>In conversation with Kenyan poet and storyteller Njeri Wangari</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/sub-saharan-africa/kenya/' rel='tag'>Kenya</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='22 _12 2024'>10 hours ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>Njeri Wangari shares her changing interests and thoughts about a range of issues, including Kenya today, the future of social media and citizen journalism.</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/22/a-reactive-approach-examining-pakistan-governments-measures-in-response-to-alleged-umrah-visa-abuse/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Pakistani_Inflation_FY23-24-400x300.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/22/a-reactive-approach-examining-pakistan-governments-measures-in-response-to-alleged-umrah-visa-abuse/' rel='bookmark'>A reactive approach? Examining Pakistan government’s measures in response to alleged Umrah Visa abuse</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/south-asia/pakistan/' rel='tag'>Pakistan</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='22 _12 2024'>12 hours ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>Pakistan's Umrah Visa crackdown appears superficial, addressing symptoms rather than the deep-rooted economic challenges driving desperate citizens  to seek alternative survival strategies.</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/21/rising-voices-listening-to-the-world-on-its-own-terms/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/genneratGV-930x620-1-800x450-1-400x300.jpg' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/21/rising-voices-listening-to-the-world-on-its-own-terms/' rel='bookmark'>Rising Voices: Listening to the world on its own terms</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><img class='custom-context-badge' alt='Rising Voices' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/rv-tall-trans-240.png' loading='lazy' /><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/latin-america/' rel='tag'>Latin America</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='21 _12 2024'>1 day ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>Preserving a language has multiple elements. It’s about ensuring that scripts are digitized, so that we can read and write a language online — this might include scanning and digitizing analog books, as well as designing contemporary fonts.</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/21/can-giant-pandas-rescue-hong-kongs-economy/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Screenshot-2024-11-26-12.38.41-PM-400x300.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/21/can-giant-pandas-rescue-hong-kongs-economy/' rel='bookmark'>Can giant pandas rescue Hong Kong&#39;s economy?</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/east-asia/' rel='tag'>East Asia</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='21 _12 2024'>1 day ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>Hong Kong officials hope the pandas can help stimulate the city's economy, boost tourism, and strengthen ties between Hong Kong and Beijing.</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/21/moldova-has-introduced-a-state-of-emergency-in-the-energy-sector/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/roman-petrov-to_Jkcgu97o-unsplash-400x300.jpg' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/21/moldova-has-introduced-a-state-of-emergency-in-the-energy-sector/' rel='bookmark'>Moldova has introduced a state of emergency in the energy sector</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/eastern-central-europe/' rel='tag'>Eastern &amp; Central Europe</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='21 _12 2024'>1 day ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>The contract for the transit of Russian gas through Ukraine’s territory expires on January 1, 2025. Kyiv has repeatedly stated that it does not plan to extend the transit agreement with Gazprom.</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/21/a-veteran-jamaican-journalist-is-murdered-shocking-the-country-and-heightening-security-concerns/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/GV-2-400x300.jpg' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/21/a-veteran-jamaican-journalist-is-murdered-shocking-the-country-and-heightening-security-concerns/' rel='bookmark'>A veteran Jamaican journalist is murdered, shocking the country and heightening security concerns</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/caribbean/' rel='tag'>Caribbean</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='21 _12 2024'>2 days ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>Gayle was a well respected court reporter and much loved by her media colleagues, all of whom were deeply shocked by her murder.</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/20/__trashed-4/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/WhatsApp-Image-2024-12-06-at-11.36.33-400x300.jpeg' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/20/__trashed-4/' rel='bookmark'>Global Voices Summit 2024: Where have all the bloggers gone?</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/caribbean/' rel='tag'>Caribbean</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='20 _12 2024'>2 days ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>Blogging has changed over time, making the online space in which people are expressing themselves more valuable than ever.</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/20/women-in-public-positions-in-north-macedonia-are-easy-targets-of-hate-speech/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Foto-Ana-21-400x300.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/20/women-in-public-positions-in-north-macedonia-are-easy-targets-of-hate-speech/' rel='bookmark'>Women in public positions in North Macedonia are easy targets of hate speech</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><img class='custom-context-badge' alt='The Bridge' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/the-bridge-240.png' loading='lazy' /><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/eastern-central-europe/' rel='tag'>Eastern &amp; Central Europe</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='20 _12 2024'>3 days ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>Despite visible progress in the fight for women’s rights, increased representation in politics and greater attention to issues affecting women, the tendency to express contempt and insult them persists.</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/19/finally-a-future-of-hope-after-54-years-of-a-tyrannical-dynasty-in-syria/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/2-400x300.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/19/finally-a-future-of-hope-after-54-years-of-a-tyrannical-dynasty-in-syria/' rel='bookmark'>Finally, a future of hope after 54 years of a tyrannical dynasty in Syria</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><img class='custom-context-badge' alt='The Bridge' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/the-bridge-240.png' loading='lazy' /><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/middle-east-north-africa/' rel='tag'>West Asia &amp; North Africa</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='19 _12 2024'>3 days ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>We Syrians know this victory did not come easily. It is the result of years of sacrifices by martyrs, freedom fighters, and voices of activists who refused to be silenced.</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/19/chinese-president-xi-jinping-visits-macau-to-spotlight-the-casino-hub-as-a-showcase-of-one-country-two-systems/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Screenshot-2024-12-19-12.26.13-PM-400x300.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/19/chinese-president-xi-jinping-visits-macau-to-spotlight-the-casino-hub-as-a-showcase-of-one-country-two-systems/' rel='bookmark'>Chinese president Xi Jinping visits Macau to spotlight the casino hub as a showcase of One Country Two Systems</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/east-asia/' rel='tag'>East Asia</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='19 _12 2024'>3 days ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>To ensure the Chinese president’s inspection tour in the casino hub is perfectly safe, Macau authorities have beefed up security measures</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/18/a-new-mall-for-the-village-how-carbon-credit-dollars-affect-indigenous-people-in-guyana/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/RAFAELVILELA_028_20240716-400x300.jpg' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/18/a-new-mall-for-the-village-how-carbon-credit-dollars-affect-indigenous-people-in-guyana/' rel='bookmark'>A new mall for the village: How carbon credit dollars affect Indigenous people in Guyana</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/caribbean/' rel='tag'>Caribbean</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='18 _12 2024'>4 days ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>Guyana's first batch of carbon credits was completed in 2022, combining public forests and Indigenous peoples’ forests in the same package to the tune of 18.4 million hectares of forest.</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/18/in-azerbaijan-authorities-are-again-targeting-journalists-in-a-new-wave-of-arrests/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/MeydanJournos-400x300.jpeg' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/18/in-azerbaijan-authorities-are-again-targeting-journalists-in-a-new-wave-of-arrests/' rel='bookmark'>In Azerbaijan, authorities are again targeting journalists, in a new wave of arrests</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/central-asia-caucasus/' rel='tag'>Central Asia &amp; Caucasus</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='18 _12 2024'>4 days ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>The authorities in Baku insist none of the criticisms are true, instead accusing those critical of the regime of double standards, bias and meddling in the country's internal matters.</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/18/a-pro-china-rapper-blows-whistle-on-beijings-influencer-network-in-taiwan/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Screenshot-2024-12-16-12.54.06-PM-400x300.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/18/a-pro-china-rapper-blows-whistle-on-beijings-influencer-network-in-taiwan/' rel='bookmark'>A pro-China rapper blows whistle on Beijing&#39;s influencer network in Taiwan</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/east-asia/' rel='tag'>East Asia</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='18 _12 2024'>4 days ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>Chen Po-yuan, an insider of a pro-China influencer network in Taiwan, publicly revealed the operation of mainland Chinese state agencies within the self-ruled region.</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/18/kazakhstans-best-film-of-2024-explores-harms-of-its-unique-and-centuries-old-adoption-tradition/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Screenshot-2024-12-15-192030-400x300.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/18/kazakhstans-best-film-of-2024-explores-harms-of-its-unique-and-centuries-old-adoption-tradition/' rel='bookmark'>Kazakhstan&#39;s best film of 2024 explores harms of its unique and centuries-old adoption tradition</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/central-asia-caucasus/' rel='tag'>Central Asia &amp; Caucasus</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='18 _12 2024'>4 days ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>It is customary for young parents to give away their eldest or youngest child to their grandparents or older relatives.</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/17/protests-continue-in-georgia-despite-police-crackdown/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Untitled-design-400x300.jpg' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/17/protests-continue-in-georgia-despite-police-crackdown/' rel='bookmark'>Protests continue in Georgia despite police crackdown</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/central-asia-caucasus/' rel='tag'>Central Asia &amp; Caucasus</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='17 _12 2024'>5 days ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>In response to ongoing protests and the ruling Georgia Dream government's disproportionate and violent response, several countries have issued sanctions against high ranking government officials.</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/17/gabon-new-constitution-closes-chapter-on-bongo-familys-reign/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://fr.globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Capture-decran-2024-11-01-114743-400x300.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/17/gabon-new-constitution-closes-chapter-on-bongo-familys-reign/' rel='bookmark'>Gabon: New constitution closes chapter on Bongo family’s reign</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/sub-saharan-africa/' rel='tag'>Sub-Saharan Africa</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='17 _12 2024'>5 days ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>On November 16, 2024, more than a year after military officers seized control of Gabon, Gabonese citizens will have the opportunity to vote in a referendum for a new constitution.</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/17/death-of-grandson-of-cubas-national-poet-draws-attention-to-imprisoned-activists/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Untitled-design-41-400x300.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/17/death-of-grandson-of-cubas-national-poet-draws-attention-to-imprisoned-activists/' rel='bookmark'>Death of grandson of Cuba’s national poet draws attention to imprisoned activists</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><img class='custom-context-badge' alt='Advox' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/advox-tall-trans-240.png' loading='lazy' /><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/latin-america/' rel='tag'>Latin America</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='17 _12 2024'>6 days ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>Cuba has the second highest rate of incarceration in the world and more than a thousand political prisoners.</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/16/saydnaya-in-syria-a-legacy-of-pain-looking-for-an-honorable-cleansing/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Dier_saidnaya-400x300.jpg' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/16/saydnaya-in-syria-a-legacy-of-pain-looking-for-an-honorable-cleansing/' rel='bookmark'>Saydnaya: In Syria, a legacy of pain looking for an honorable cleansing</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><img class='custom-context-badge' alt='The Bridge' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/the-bridge-240.png' loading='lazy' /><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/middle-east-north-africa/' rel='tag'>West Asia &amp; North Africa</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='16 _12 2024'>6 days ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>"For those of us who cherish the beauty and history of the town of Sydnaya, its prison’s notoriety has been a painful stain on a proud identity."</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/16/online-safety-or-censorship-malaysias-parliament-passes-two-contentious-media-bills/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Media-petition-400x300.jpg' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/16/online-safety-or-censorship-malaysias-parliament-passes-two-contentious-media-bills/' rel='bookmark'>Online safety or censorship? Malaysia’s parliament passes two contentious media bills</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><img class='custom-context-badge' alt='Advox' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/advox-tall-trans-240.png' loading='lazy' /><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/east-asia/' rel='tag'>East Asia</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='16 _12 2024'>6 days ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>“These measures risk transforming Malaysia’s digital spaces into stricter and highly regulated environments, stifling open discourse and innovation while entrenching state control over the internet.”</p></div></article></div><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-dense gv-promo-card gv-post-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/14/the-revolving-door-of-africas-displacement-crises/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/AAH_SSD24_day6_44474-400x300.jpg' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'><h3 class='post-title'><a href='https://globalvoices.org/2024/12/14/the-revolving-door-of-africas-displacement-crises/' rel='bookmark'>The revolving door of Africa&#39;s displacement crises</a></h3><div class='gv-promo-meta'><img class='custom-context-badge' alt='The Bridge' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/the-bridge-240.png' loading='lazy' /><span class='post-terms-inline'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/sub-saharan-africa/' rel='tag'>Sub-Saharan Africa</a></span></span><!--.post-terms-inline-->&nbsp; <span class='datestamp' title='14 _12 2024'>1 week ago</span></div><p class='excerpt-text'>The global community urgently needs to increase funding for humanitarian relief and also invest in proven programs, such as climate-smart agriculture, that can prevent displacement.</p></div></article></div></div><div class="navigation">
<div class="button previous">
<a href="https://globalvoices.org/page/2/" >&laquo;&nbsp;Older stories</a>
</div>

 </div></div><!--.post-archive --></div><!--.post-archive-container--></div><!-- .main --></div><!-- .main-wrapper -->	</div><!--.page-content-->
</div><!--.page-content-container-->
<div class="widget-sidebar-container full-width-widget-sidebar-container homepage_after_archive-container"><div class="homepage_after_archive full-width-widget-sidebar widget-sidebar sidebar-1"><div class="widget-container"><div id="text-28" class="widget widget_text">			<div class="textwidget"><div class='gv-promo-card-container'><article class='gv-promo-card-large gv-promo-card'><div class='gv-promo-card-image'><a href='/about/'><img loading='lazy' class='featured-image ' alt='Alt text' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/gv-inverted-earths-800x450.png' /></a></div><div class='gv-promo-card-text'></p>
<h3>We are Global Voices</h3>
<p><big> Global Voices is an international, multilingual community of writers, translators, and human rights activists. Together, we leverage the power of the internet to tell stories that build understanding across borders.</big></p>
<p><big><a href="/about/">Learn more »</a></big></div></article></div>
</div>
		</div></div><!--.widget-container--></div></div><div class="widget-sidebar-container full-width-widget-sidebar-container homepage_after_archive-container"><div class="homepage_after_archive full-width-widget-sidebar widget-sidebar sidebar-1"><div class="widget-container"><div id="text-25" class="widget widget_text"><h2 class='widgettitle'>Global Voices is people</h2>
			<div class="textwidget"><div class='user-list-avatars'> <div class='author-block-container'>
<div class='author-block'>
<a href='https://globalvoices.org/author/civic-media-observatory/' class='url user-link' title='View all posts by Civic Media Observatory'><img src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/local-avatars/2945.jpg' alt='Civic Media Observatory' class='avatar' style='height:144px;width:144px;' height='144' width='144' loading='lazy' /></a></div>
</div>
<div class='author-block-container'>
<div class='author-block'>
<a href='https://globalvoices.org/author/raya-sharbain/' class='url user-link' title='View all posts by Raya Sharbain'><img src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/local-avatars/2655-medium.webp' alt='Raya Sharbain' class='avatar' style='height:144px;width:144px;' height='144' width='144' loading='lazy' /></a></div>
</div>
<div class='author-block-container'>
<div class='author-block'>
<a href='https://globalvoices.org/author/alexshah/' class='url user-link' title='View all posts by Alex Shah'><img src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/local-avatars/3185-medium.webp' alt='Alex Shah' class='avatar' style='height:144px;width:144px;' height='144' width='144' loading='lazy' /></a></div>
</div>
<div class='author-block-container'>
<div class='author-block'>
<a href='https://globalvoices.org/author/elmira-lyapina/' class='url user-link' title='View all posts by Elmira Lyapina'><img src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d3cb5feebb6eb2a1699e84a3ac9fccb2?s=288&d=https%3A%2F%2Fsecure.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2F8e260ee2e3f5cc5dc3afb6050463ead3%3Fs%3D288&r=G' alt='Elmira Lyapina' class='avatar' style='height:144px;width:144px;' height='144' width='144' loading='lazy' /></a></div>
</div>
<div class='author-block-container'>
<div class='author-block'>
<a href='https://globalvoices.org/author/derciotsandzana/' class='url user-link' title='View all posts by Dércio Tsandzana'><img src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/31acc3939a01520310b0c6b51774c9ab?s=288&d=https%3A%2F%2Fsecure.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2F8e260ee2e3f5cc5dc3afb6050463ead3%3Fs%3D288&r=G' alt='Dércio Tsandzana' class='avatar' style='height:144px;width:144px;' height='144' width='144' loading='lazy' /></a></div>
</div>
<div class='author-block-container'>
<div class='author-block'>
<a href='https://globalvoices.org/author/iran-open-data-center/' class='url user-link' title='View all posts by Iran Open Data Center'><img src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/uploads/local-avatars/3237-medium.webp' alt='Iran Open Data Center' class='avatar' style='height:144px;width:144px;' height='144' width='144' loading='lazy' /></a></div>
</div>
<div class='author-block-container'>
<div class='author-block'>
<a href='https://globalvoices.org/author/arzu-geybullayeva/' class='url user-link' title='View all posts by Arzu Geybullayeva'><img src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/7cdf2e6b06e1c276ea9f8b54224b7d23?s=288&d=https%3A%2F%2Fsecure.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2F8e260ee2e3f5cc5dc3afb6050463ead3%3Fs%3D288&r=G' alt='Arzu Geybullayeva' class='avatar' style='height:144px;width:144px;' height='144' width='144' loading='lazy' /></a></div>
</div>
<div class='author-block-container'>
<div class='author-block'>
<a href='https://globalvoices.org/author/periodismo-de-barrio/' class='url user-link' title='View all posts by Periodismo de Barrio'><img src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a1e79f6c1edf02041749bec9b9db8e07?s=288&d=https%3A%2F%2Fsecure.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2F8e260ee2e3f5cc5dc3afb6050463ead3%3Fs%3D288&r=G' alt='Periodismo de Barrio' class='avatar' style='height:144px;width:144px;' height='144' width='144' loading='lazy' /></a></div>
</div>
</div>
<p><strong><a title="View all contributors" href="https://globalvoices.org/our-people/contributors/">View all contributors »</a></strong></p>
</div>
		</div></div><!--.widget-container--></div></div>
<div id="foot-container" class="foot-container">
	<div id="footer" class="footer">
		<h3 class="footer-widgets-title">Menu</h3>
		<div class="footer-widgets-container">
			<div class="widget-container footer-navigation-container">
				<div id="footernav" class="widget">
					<h2>About Us</h2>
					<div id="footer-menu">
				<div id="footer-menu"><div class="menu menu-main_navigation"><ul id="menu-navigation-1" class=""><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-471683"><a href="https://globalvoices.org/about/">What Is Global Voices?</a></li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-649475"><a href="https://globalvoices.org/our-people/">Our People</a></li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-471689"><a href="https://globalvoices.org/volunteer/">Join Us!</a></li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-526218"><a href="https://globalvoices.org/partners/">Partner with Global Voices</a></li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-658980"><a href="https://globalvoices.org/donate">Donate</a></li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-471690"><a href="https://globalvoices.org/contact/">Contact</a></li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-536493"><a href="https://globalvoices.org/global-voices-translation-services/">Translation Services</a></li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-706511"><a href="https://globalvoices.org/special-thanks/">Sponsors</a></li>
</ul></div></div> <!--#footer-menu-->					</div> <!--#footer-menu-->
					<div class="site-search">
						<form method='get' class='searchform' action='https://globalvoices.org'>
<span class='search-string-field'><input type='text' value='' name='s' id='s' placeholder='Search' /><button class='search-submit'><svg aria-label="Search" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-search gv-icon gv-icon-search" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M11.742 10.344a6.5 6.5 0 1 0-1.397 1.398h-.001c.[scrubbed].098.115l3.85 3.85a1 1 0 0 0 1.415-1.414l-3.85-3.85a1.007 1.007 0 0 0-.115-.1zM12 6.5a5.5 5.5 0 1 1-11 0 5.5 5.5 0 0 1 11 0z"/></svg></button></span></form>					</div>	
				</div><!--#footernav-->
			</div><!--.widget-container-->
			<div class="widget-container footer-subscribe-container">
				<div id="footer-subscribe" class="widget">
					<div id='gv-mailchimp-form-container-footer' class='gv-mailchimp-form-container'><div class="mc_container"><h2>Receive great stories from around the world directly in your inbox.</h2>
<div id="mc_signup">
	<form method="post" action="#mc_signup" id="mc_signup_form">
		<input type="hidden" id="mc_submit_type" name="mc_submit_type" value="html" />
		<input type="hidden" name="mcsf_action" value="mc_submit_signup_form" />
		<input type="hidden" id="_mc_submit_signup_form_nonce" name="_mc_submit_signup_form_nonce" value="2f1f703abe" />
			<div id="mc_subheader">
			<p><i>Stay up to date about Global Voices and our mission. See our <a href="https://globalvoices.org/privacy/">Privacy Policy</a> for details. </i><i>Newsletter powered by Mailchimp (<a href="https://mailchimp.com/legal/privacy/">Privacy Policy</a> and <a href="https://mailchimp.com/legal/terms/">Terms</a>).</i></p><br />		</div><!-- /mc_subheader -->
		
	<div class="mc_form_inside">

		<div class="updated" id="mc_message">
					</div><!-- /mc_message -->

		
<div class="mc_merge_var">
		<label for="mc_mv_EMAIL" class="mc_var_label mc_header mc_header_email">Email Address</label>
	<input type="text" size="18" placeholder="" name="mc_mv_EMAIL" id="mc_mv_EMAIL" class="mc_input"/>
</div><!-- /mc_merge_var --><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div><div style="display:none;"></div>							<div class="mc_interests_header">
								Email Frequency							</div><!-- /mc_interests_header -->
							<div class="mc_interest">
							
						
				<input type="radio" name="group[01f23f04a2]" id="mc_interest_01f23f04a2_373e38d702" class="mc_interest" value="373e38d702"/>
				<label for="mc_interest_01f23f04a2_373e38d702" class="mc_interest_label">Daily</label>
				<br/>
				<input type="radio" name="group[01f23f04a2]" id="mc_interest_01f23f04a2_ed62cc6837" class="mc_interest" value="ed62cc6837"/>
				<label for="mc_interest_01f23f04a2_ed62cc6837" class="mc_interest_label">Weekly</label>
				<br/>
				<input type="radio" name="group[01f23f04a2]" id="mc_interest_01f23f04a2_f5fdaaf199" class="mc_interest" value="f5fdaaf199"/>
				<label for="mc_interest_01f23f04a2_f5fdaaf199" class="mc_interest_label">Announcements</label>
				<br/>					</div><!-- /mc_interest -->

						
		<div class="mc_signup_submit">
			<input type="submit" name="mc_signup_submit" id="mc_signup_submit" value="Subscribe" class="button" />
		</div><!-- /mc_signup_submit -->

					<div id="mc_unsub_link" align="center">
				<a href="http://us2.list-manage.com/unsubscribe/?u=9307106bf78cc186e924ad999&#038;id=633e82444a" target="_blank">unsubscribe from list</a>
			</div><!-- /mc_unsub_link -->
			
	</div><!-- /mc_form_inside -->
	</form><!-- /mc_signup_form -->
</div><!-- /mc_signup_container -->
	</div></div><div class='site-subscribe-icons'>
<a href='https://globalvoices.org/feeds/' title='read RSS Feeds' class='site-subscribe-rss'><svg aria-label="RSS" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-rss-fill gv-icon gv-icon-feed" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v12a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V2a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H2zm1.5 2.5c5.523 0 10 4.477 10 10a1 1 0 1 1-2 0 8 8 0 0 0-8-8 1 1 0 0 1 0-2zm0 4a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 1 1 0 1 1-2 0 4 4 0 0 0-4-4 1 1 0 0 1 0-2zm.5 7a1.5 1.5 0 1 1 0-3 1.5 1.5 0 0 1 0 3z"/></svg></a> 
<a rel='me' class='site-subscribe-mastodon' href='https://mstdn.social/@globalvoices'><svg aria-label="Mastodon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-mastodon gv-icon gv-icon-mastodon" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M11.19 12.195c2.016-.24 3.77-1.475 3.99-2.603.348-1.778.32-4.339.32-4.339 0-3.47-2.286-4.488-2.286-4.488C12.062.238 10.083.017 8.027 0h-.05C5.92.017 3.942.238 2.79.765c0 0-2.285 1.017-2.285 4.488l-.002.662c-.004.64-.007 1.35.011 2.091.083 3.394.626 6.74 3.78 7.57 1.454.383 2.703.463 3.709.408 1.823-.1 2.847-.647 2.847-.647l-.06-1.317s-1.303.41-2.767.36c-1.45-.05-2.98-.156-3.215-1.928a3.614 3.614 0 0 1-.033-.496s1.424.346 3.228.428c1.103.05 2.137-.064 3.188-.189zm1.613-2.47H11.13v-4.08c0-.859-.364-1.295-1.091-1.295-.804 0-1.207.517-1.207 1.541v2.233H7.168V5.89c0-1.024-.403-1.541-1.207-1.541-.727 0-1.091.436-1.091 1.296v4.079H3.197V5.522c0-.859.22-1.541.66-2.046.456-.505 1.052-.764 1.793-.764.856 0 1.504.328 1.933.983L8 4.39l.417-.695c.429-.655 1.077-.983 1.934-.983.74 0 1.336.259 [scrubbed].505.661 1.187.661 2.046v4.203z"/></svg></a> 
<a rel='me' class='site-subscribe-bluesky' href='https://bsky.app/profile/globalvoices.org'><svg aria-label="Bluesky" class="gv-icon gv-icon-bluesky" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"  fill="currentColor"  viewBox="0 -3.268 64 68.414" width="2232" height="2500"><path d="M13.873 3.805C21.21 9.332 29.103 20.537 32 26.55v15.882c0-.338-.13.044-.41.867-1.512 4.456-7.418 21.847-20.923 7.944-7.111-7.32-3.819-14.64 9.125-16.85-7.405 1.264-15.73-.825-18.014-9.015C1.12 23.022 0 8.51 0 6.55 0-3.268 8.579-.182 13.873 3.805zm36.254 0C42.79 9.332 34.897 20.537 32 26.55v15.882c0-.[scrubbed].867 1.512 4.456 7.418 21.847 20.923 7.944 7.111-7.32 3.819-14.64-9.125-16.85 7.405 1.264 15.73-.825 18.014-9.015C62.88 23.022 64 8.51 64 6.55c0-9.818-8.578-6.732-13.873-2.745z"/></svg></a> 
<a class='site-subscribe-facebook' href='https://facebook.com/globalvoicesonline/'><svg aria-label="Facebook" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-facebook gv-icon gv-icon-facebook" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M16 8.049c0-4.446-3.582-8.05-8-8.05C3.58 0-.002 3.603-.002 8.05c0 4.017 2.926 7.347 6.75 7.951v-5.625h-2.03V8.05H6.75V6.275c0-2.017 1.195-3.131 3.022-3.131.876 0 1.791.157 1.791.157v1.98h-1.009c-.993 0-1.303.621-1.303 1.258v1.51h2.218l-.354 2.326H9.25V16c3.824-.604 6.75-3.934 6.75-7.951z"/></svg></a> 
<a class='site-subscribe-instagram' href='https://www.instagram.com/globalvoicesonline/'><svg aria-label="Instagram" class="gv-icon gv-icon-instagram"  fill="currentColor"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" id="bc4044d7-f71f-475b-94f1-a5fb87068130" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 14.3782 13.8471"><path d="M7.19,4.4315A2.5416,2.5416,0,0,0,4.6016,6.924,2.5416,2.5416,0,0,0,7.19,9.4164,2.5417,2.5417,0,0,0,9.7778,6.924,2.5417,2.5417,0,0,0,7.19,4.4315Z"></path><path d="M11.1965,0H3.1818A3.1819,3.1819,0,0,0,0,3.1818v7.4835a3.1818,3.1818,0,0,0,3.1818,3.1818h8.0147a3.1817,3.1817,0,0,0,3.1817-3.1818V3.1818A3.1818,3.1818,0,0,0,11.1965,0ZM7.1915,10.5247a3.6713,3.6713,0,0,1-3.7384-3.6,3.6713,3.6713,0,0,1,3.7384-3.6,3.6713,3.6713,0,0,1,3.7384,3.6A3.6713,3.6713,0,0,1,7.1915,10.5247Zm4.1673-6.6466a.9883.9883,0,0,1-1.0063-.9693,1.0072,1.0072,0,0,1,2.0129,0A.9885.9885,0,0,1,11.3588,3.8781Z"></path></svg></a> 
<a class='site-subscribe-twitter'  href='https://twitter.com/globalvoices'><svg aria-label="Twitter" class="gv-icon gv-icon-twitter" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor"  viewBox="0 0 30 30" width="30px" height="30px"><path d="M26.37,26l-8.795-12.822l0.015,0.012L25.52,4h-2.65l-6.46,7.48L11.28,4H4.33l8.211,11.971L12.54,15.97L3.88,26h2.65 l7.182-8.322L19.42,26H26.37z M10.23,6l12.34,18h-2.1L8.12,6H10.23z"/></svg></a> 

</div><!--.site-subscribe-icons-->
				</div><!--#license-->
			</div><!--.widget-container-->
			<div class="widget-container footer-funders-container">
				<div id="funders" class="widget funders">
					<h2>Sponsors</h2>
					<p>Global Voices is supported by the efforts of our volunteer contributors, foundations, donors and mission-related services. For more information please read our <a href="https://community.globalvoices.org/guide/organizational-guide/global-voices-fundraising-ethics/">Fundraising Ethics Policy</a>. </p><p>Special thanks to our many <a href="https://globalvoices.org/special-thanks/">sponsors and funders</a>.</p><p>Please support our important work:</p><a href='https://globalvoices.org/donate/' title='read Donate' class='donatebutton'>Donate &raquo;</a> 
				</div>
			</div><!--.widget-container-->
		</div><!--footer-widget-container-->
	</div><!-- #footer-->
	<div class="footer-license-container">
		<div class="footer-license">
			<div class='footer-license-text'>
				<p>
					This site is licensed as <a href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/' title='Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 (Creative Commons)'>Creative Commons Attribution 3.0</a>. Please read our <a href='http://globalvoicesonline.org/about/global-voices-attribution-policy/'>attribution policy</a> to learn about freely redistributing our work					<span class="footer-license-badge"><a rel='license' href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/' title='Creative Commons Attribution 3.0'><img class='license-badge' src='https://globalvoices.org/wp-content/gv-static/img/tmpl/cc-by-icons-300.png' alt='Creative Commons License' loading='lazy' />&nbsp;<span class='license-slogan'>Some Rights Reserved</span></a>
</span>				</p>
			</div>
		</div>
	</div><!--.footer-license-container-->
	</div><!--.foot-container-->
</div><!--.page-container-->

<div id="bottom"></div>
<!--
<rdf:RDF xmlns="http://web.resource.org/cc/"
    xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
    xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<Work rdf:about="">
<license rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0//" />
</Work>
<License rdf:about="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">
   <requires rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/Attribution" />
   <permits rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/Reproduction" />
   <permits rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/Distribution" />
   <permits rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/DerivativeWorks" />
   <requires rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/Notice" />
</License>
</rdf:RDF>
-->

<!--DB INFO: 5 queries. 0.598 seconds.</p>-->
<!--[if !IE]> -->
<script type="text/javascript">
	jQuery(document).ready(function($) {
		/**
		 * Make all links to other domains open in new tabs/windows
		 */
		$(document).on('click', 'a', function() {
		    // If we're dealing with an Amber cache link from the popup, keep propagating normally.
            if ($(this).hasClass('amber-cache-link')) {
                return true;
            }

			// Validate that we have a link before proceeding. If we don't, propagate the event normally.
			var href = $(this).attr('href');
			if (typeof href === typeof undefined || href === false) {
				return true;
			}

			// Get the "data-amber-behavior" attribute in our link. If we have one, we want to check
            // if the link leads to an offline page or not. If the page is offline, we keep propagating
            // the event normally since a popup will appear instead of following the link.
            var amber_behaviour = $(this).attr('data-amber-behavior');
            if ('string' == typeof amber_behaviour && amber_behaviour.indexOf('down') !== -1) {
			    return true;
            }

			// Regex to extract the top level domain
			var pattern = /(\w*\.\w*)$/i;

			// Extract top level domains
			var link_domain = pattern.exec(this.host)[1];
			var host_domain = pattern.exec(location.hostname)[1];

			// Standardize Global Voices domain names
			if ('globalvoicesonline.org' == link_domain) {
				link_domain = 'globalvoices.org';
			}
			if ('globalvoicesonline.org' == host_domain) {
				host_domain = 'globalvoices.org';
			}

			if (link_domain != host_domain) {
				window.open(href);
			    return false;
			}
		});
	}); // end document.ready
</script>
<![endif]-->
		<script type="text/javascript">
		// Mailchimp groups: Automatically select first group in list
		jQuery(document).ready(function($) {

			// Act on the gv container for mailchimp forms
			$('.gv-mailchimp-form-container').each(function() {
				
			
				// Get the submit target and replace it with subscribe page if one is set up.
				var $form = $(this).find('#mc_signup_form');
				$form.prop('action', 'https://globalvoices.org/contact/email-subscription/#mc_signup');

								if ($('.mc_success_msg').length) {
					$('.mc_success_msg').html("You've been signed up, thanks! Please look for our confirmation email!");
				}
				$('.mc_error_msg:contains("email address is invalid")').each(function(index){
					$(this).html("Invalid email address. Please try again.");
				});
				$('.mc_error_msg:contains("already subscribed")').each(function(index){
					$(this).html("That email is already subscribed to the list.");
				});
				$('#mc_unsub_link a').each(function(index){
					$(this).html("Unsubscribe from list");
				});
				
							// Get all inputs in the interest section
				var $interestRadioChoices = $(this).find('input[type=radio]');
				if ($interestRadioChoices.length) {
					// If all of the elements are not checked
					if ($interestRadioChoices.is(':checked') === false) {
						// Set the first one to checked
						$interestRadioChoices.first().attr('checked', true);
					}
					// Move the input inside it's neighbor-label and remove for
					$interestRadioChoices.each(function(){
						$(this).next('label').removeAttr('for');
						$(this).next('label').prepend('&nbsp;');
						$(this).prependTo($(this).next('label'));
					});
				}
							// Get all <option> tags inside a group dropdown
				var $interestDropdownChoices = $(this).find('select > option');
				if ($interestDropdownChoices.length) {
					// If the first element is empty (insane default behavior)
					if (!$interestDropdownChoices.first().val()) {
						// Remove the first element
						$interestDropdownChoices.first().remove();
					}
				}
							// Add placeholder text in email form to avoid showing field which is hidden by css
				var $emailfield = $(this).find('#mc_mv_EMAIL');
				if ($emailfield.length) {
					$emailfield.attr('placeholder', 'Email');
				}
							// Move the submit button next to the email field
				var $submitButton = $(this).find('.mc_signup_submit');
				if ($submitButton.length) {
					$submitButton.insertAfter($emailfield);
				}
							// Move the submit button next to the email field
				var $subheaderText = $(this).find('#mc_subheader');
				var $formInsideContainer = $(this).find('.mc_form_inside');
				
				if ($subheaderText.length) {
					$subheaderText.appendTo($formInsideContainer);
				}
			}); // END $('#mc_signup').each

		}); // end document.ready
	</script>
	<amp-analytics type="googleanalytics" config="https://amp.analytics-debugger.com/ga4.json" data-credentials="include"> <script type="application/json">
{
    "vars": {
        "GA4_MEASUREMENT_ID": "G-3VRB0P4FZ3",
        "GA4_ENDPOINT_HOSTNAME": "www.google-analytics.com",
        "DEFAULT_PAGEVIEW_ENABLED": true,
        "GOOGLE_CONSENT_ENABLED": false,
        "WEBVITALS_TRACKING": false,
        "PERFORMANCE_TIMING_TRACKING": false,
        "documentLocation": "${canonicalUrl}",
        "config": {
            "G-3VRB0P4FZ3": {
                "groups": "default"
            }
        }
    },
    "triggers": {
        "aiwpScrollPings": {
            "on": "scroll",
            "scrollSpec": {
                "verticalBoundaries": [25, 50, 75, 100]
            },
            "request": "ga4Event",
            "vars": {
                "ga4_event_name": "scroll"
            },
            "extraUrlParams": {
                "event__str_percent_scrolled": "${verticalScrollBoundary}%",
                "ni": true
            }
        },
        "aiwpEventTracking": {
            "on": "click",
            "selector": "[data-vars-ga-category][data-vars-ga-action][data-vars-ga-label]",
            "request": "ga4Event",
            "vars": {
                "ga4_event_name": "${gaAction}"
            },
            "extraUrlParams": {
                "event__str_event_label": "${gaLabel}",
                "event__str_event_category": "${gaCategory}"
            }
        }
    },
    "extraUrlParams": {
        "event__str_gv_screen_type": "home",
        "event__str_gv_lingua_site": "globalvoices_en"
    }
}</script> </amp-analytics>

<!--GV_A11y_Dialog->action_wp_footer_to_output_deferred_contents() for header_site_menu -->
<div aria-hidden='true' id='header_site_menu' class='a11y-dialog-container' ><div data-a11y-dialog-hide class='a11y-dialog-overlay a11y-dialog-overlay-header_site_menu'></div><div role='document' class='a11y-dialog-content a11y-dialog-content-header_site_menu'><div class='a11y-dialog-inner'><div class='a11y-dialog-button-row'><button type='button' data-a11y-dialog-hide class='a11y-dialog-button a11y-dialog-close a11y-dialog-close-header_site_menu' aria-label='Close'><svg aria-label="Close" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-x-circle-fill gv-icon gv-icon-close" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M16 8A8 8 0 1 1 0 8a8 8 0 0 1 16 0zM5.354 4.646a.5.5 0 1 0-.708.708L7.293 8l-2.647 2.646a.5.5 0 0 0 .708.708L8 8.707l2.646 2.647a.5.5 0 0 0 .708-.708L8.707 8l2.647-2.646a.5.5 0 0 0-.708-.708L8 7.293 5.354 4.646z"/></svg></button></div><div class='gv-site-menu'><div class='a11y-dialog-section gv-site-menu-column'><div class='gv-site-menu-widget'><div class='site-subscribe-icons'>
<a href='https://globalvoices.org/feeds/' title='read RSS Feeds' class='site-subscribe-rss'><svg aria-label="RSS" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-rss-fill gv-icon gv-icon-feed" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v12a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V2a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H2zm1.5 2.5c5.523 0 10 4.477 10 10a1 1 0 1 1-2 0 8 8 0 0 0-8-8 1 1 0 0 1 0-2zm0 4a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 1 1 0 1 1-2 0 4 4 0 0 0-4-4 1 1 0 0 1 0-2zm.5 7a1.5 1.5 0 1 1 0-3 1.5 1.5 0 0 1 0 3z"/></svg></a> 
<a rel='me' class='site-subscribe-mastodon' href='https://mstdn.social/@globalvoices'><svg aria-label="Mastodon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-mastodon gv-icon gv-icon-mastodon" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M11.19 12.195c2.016-.24 3.77-1.475 3.99-2.603.348-1.778.32-4.339.32-4.339 0-3.47-2.286-4.488-2.286-4.488C12.062.238 10.083.017 8.027 0h-.05C5.92.017 3.942.238 2.79.765c0 0-2.285 1.017-2.285 4.488l-.002.662c-.004.64-.007 1.35.011 2.091.083 3.394.626 6.74 3.78 7.57 1.454.383 2.703.463 3.709.408 1.823-.1 2.847-.647 2.847-.647l-.06-1.317s-1.303.41-2.767.36c-1.45-.05-2.98-.156-3.215-1.928a3.614 3.614 0 0 1-.033-.496s1.424.346 3.228.428c1.103.05 2.137-.064 3.188-.189zm1.613-2.47H11.13v-4.08c0-.859-.364-1.295-1.091-1.295-.804 0-1.207.517-1.207 1.541v2.233H7.168V5.89c0-1.024-.403-1.541-1.207-1.541-.727 0-1.091.436-1.091 1.296v4.079H3.197V5.522c0-.859.22-1.541.66-2.046.456-.505 1.052-.764 1.793-.764.856 0 1.504.328 1.933.983L8 4.39l.417-.695c.429-.655 1.077-.983 1.934-.983.74 0 1.336.259 [scrubbed].505.661 1.187.661 2.046v4.203z"/></svg></a> 
<a rel='me' class='site-subscribe-bluesky' href='https://bsky.app/profile/globalvoices.org'><svg aria-label="Bluesky" class="gv-icon gv-icon-bluesky" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"  fill="currentColor"  viewBox="0 -3.268 64 68.414" width="2232" height="2500"><path d="M13.873 3.805C21.21 9.332 29.103 20.537 32 26.55v15.882c0-.338-.13.044-.41.867-1.512 4.456-7.418 21.847-20.923 7.944-7.111-7.32-3.819-14.64 9.125-16.85-7.405 1.264-15.73-.825-18.014-9.015C1.12 23.022 0 8.51 0 6.55 0-3.268 8.579-.182 13.873 3.805zm36.254 0C42.79 9.332 34.897 20.537 32 26.55v15.882c0-.[scrubbed].867 1.512 4.456 7.418 21.847 20.923 7.944 7.111-7.32 3.819-14.64-9.125-16.85 7.405 1.264 15.73-.825 18.014-9.015C62.88 23.022 64 8.51 64 6.55c0-9.818-8.578-6.732-13.873-2.745z"/></svg></a> 
<a class='site-subscribe-facebook' href='https://facebook.com/globalvoicesonline/'><svg aria-label="Facebook" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-facebook gv-icon gv-icon-facebook" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M16 8.049c0-4.446-3.582-8.05-8-8.05C3.58 0-.002 3.603-.002 8.05c0 4.017 2.926 7.347 6.75 7.951v-5.625h-2.03V8.05H6.75V6.275c0-2.017 1.195-3.131 3.022-3.131.876 0 1.791.157 1.791.157v1.98h-1.009c-.993 0-1.303.621-1.303 1.258v1.51h2.218l-.354 2.326H9.25V16c3.824-.604 6.75-3.934 6.75-7.951z"/></svg></a> 
<a class='site-subscribe-instagram' href='https://www.instagram.com/globalvoicesonline/'><svg aria-label="Instagram" class="gv-icon gv-icon-instagram"  fill="currentColor"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" id="bc4044d7-f71f-475b-94f1-a5fb87068130" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 14.3782 13.8471"><path d="M7.19,4.4315A2.5416,2.5416,0,0,0,4.6016,6.924,2.5416,2.5416,0,0,0,7.19,9.4164,2.5417,2.5417,0,0,0,9.7778,6.924,2.5417,2.5417,0,0,0,7.19,4.4315Z"></path><path d="M11.1965,0H3.1818A3.1819,3.1819,0,0,0,0,3.1818v7.4835a3.1818,3.1818,0,0,0,3.1818,3.1818h8.0147a3.1817,3.1817,0,0,0,3.1817-3.1818V3.1818A3.1818,3.1818,0,0,0,11.1965,0ZM7.1915,10.5247a3.6713,3.6713,0,0,1-3.7384-3.6,3.6713,3.6713,0,0,1,3.7384-3.6,3.6713,3.6713,0,0,1,3.7384,3.6A3.6713,3.6713,0,0,1,7.1915,10.5247Zm4.1673-6.6466a.9883.9883,0,0,1-1.0063-.9693,1.0072,1.0072,0,0,1,2.0129,0A.9885.9885,0,0,1,11.3588,3.8781Z"></path></svg></a> 
<a class='site-subscribe-twitter'  href='https://twitter.com/globalvoices'><svg aria-label="Twitter" class="gv-icon gv-icon-twitter" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor"  viewBox="0 0 30 30" width="30px" height="30px"><path d="M26.37,26l-8.795-12.822l0.015,0.012L25.52,4h-2.65l-6.46,7.48L11.28,4H4.33l8.211,11.971L12.54,15.97L3.88,26h2.65 l7.182-8.322L19.42,26H26.37z M10.23,6l12.34,18h-2.1L8.12,6H10.23z"/></svg></a> 

</div><!--.site-subscribe-icons-->
</div><!--gv-site-menu-widget--><div class='gv-site-menu-widget'><div class='site-search'><form method='get' class='searchform' action='https://globalvoices.org'>
<span class='search-string-field'><input type='text' value='' name='s' id='s' placeholder='Search' /><button class='search-submit'><svg aria-label="Search" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" class="bi bi-search gv-icon gv-icon-search" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M11.742 10.344a6.5 6.5 0 1 0-1.397 1.398h-.001c.[scrubbed].098.115l3.85 3.85a1 1 0 0 0 1.415-1.414l-3.85-3.85a1.007 1.007 0 0 0-.115-.1zM12 6.5a5.5 5.5 0 1 1-11 0 5.5 5.5 0 0 1 11 0z"/></svg></button></span></form></div></div><!--gv-site-menu-widget--><div class='gv-site-menu-widget'><div class="menu menu-main_navigation"><ul id="menu-navigation" class=""><li id="menu-item-471683" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-471683"><a href="https://globalvoices.org/about/">What Is Global Voices?</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-649475" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-649475"><a href="https://globalvoices.org/our-people/">Our People</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-471689" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-471689"><a href="https://globalvoices.org/volunteer/">Join Us!</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-526218" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-526218"><a href="https://globalvoices.org/partners/">Partner with Global Voices</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-658980" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-658980"><a href="https://globalvoices.org/donate">Donate</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-471690" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-471690"><a href="https://globalvoices.org/contact/">Contact</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-536493" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-536493"><a href="https://globalvoices.org/global-voices-translation-services/">Translation Services</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-706511" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-706511"><a href="https://globalvoices.org/special-thanks/">Sponsors</a></li>
</ul></div></div><!--gv-site-menu-widget--></div><!--gv-site-menu-column--><div class='a11y-dialog-section gv-site-menu-column'><div class='gv-site-menu-widget'><h3>Topics</h3><div class='menu menu-gv_terms_menu'><ul id='gv_terms_menu-default'><li class='menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/caribbean/' rel='tag'>Caribbean</a></span></li><li class='menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/central-asia-caucasus/' rel='tag'>Central Asia &amp; Caucasus</a></span></li><li class='menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category'><span class='term-link term-link-category '><a href='https://globalvoices.org/-/world/east-asia/' rel='tag'>East Asia</a></span></li><li class='menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category'><span

Resolver

Resolver ASN
AS13335
Resolver IP
172.68.40.70
Resolver Network Name
Cloudflare Inc
Report ID
20241222T162210Z_webconnectivity_CG_37451_n1_FEXYiCm3i9K8Rkf8
Platform
android
Software Name
ooniprobe-android-unattended (4.0.1)
Measurement Engine
ooniprobe-engine (3.24.0)

Raw Measurement Data

Loading